⭐ 핵심 요약
- 등위접속사 (FANBOYS): for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so — 두 문장을 대등하게 연결
- 상관접속사: both A and B / either A or B / neither A nor B / not only A but also B
- 종속접속사 - 시간: when, while, before, after, as soon as, until
- 종속접속사 - 이유: because, since, as
- 종속접속사 - 조건: if, unless, as long as
- 종속접속사 - 양보: although, though, even though, even if
- 종속접속사 - 목적/결과: so that, in order that
1. 등위접속사 (Coordinating Conjunctions) — FANBOYS
등위접속사는 문법적으로 동등한 단어, 구, 절을 연결합니다. FANBOYS로 기억하세요: For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So
| 접속사 | 의미 | 사용 예시 |
|---|
| and | 그리고, ~와 | I like coffee and tea. |
| but | 그러나, 하지만 | She is smart but lazy. |
| or | 또는, 아니면 | Do you want tea or coffee? |
| so | 그래서, 따라서 | It was raining, so I stayed home. |
| for | 왜냐하면 (격식체) | He left early, for he was tired. |
| nor | ~도 아니다 | She doesn't smoke, nor does she drink. |
| yet | 그러나 (but보다 강조) | He is old yet very active. |
💡 FANBOYS 기억법
For · And · Nor · But · Or · Yet · So — 이 7개가 등위접속사 전부입니다! 두 문장을 쉼표(,) + 등위접속사로 연결할 수 있습니다.
📝 예문 5개
- I wanted to go, but I was too tired. (가고 싶었지만 너무 피곤했다.)
- Study hard, or you will fail the exam. (열심히 공부해라, 아니면 시험에 떨어진다.)
- She cooked dinner, and he washed the dishes. (그녀는 저녁을 요리했고, 그는 설거지를 했다.)
- I was hungry, so I ate a sandwich. (배가 고팠다, 그래서 샌드위치를 먹었다.)
- He is small, yet he is the strongest on the team. (그는 작지만 팀에서 가장 강하다.)
✏️ 연습 문제
- She was tired, _____ she kept working. (and / but / so)
- Hurry up, _____ you will miss the bus. (and / or / but)
- He didn't eat breakfast, _____ he was late. (but / so / nor)
정답 보기
1. but (피곤했지만 계속 일했다 — 대조)
2. or (서둘러라, 아니면 버스를 놓친다 — 선택/결과)
3. so (아침을 먹지 않았다, 그래서 늦었다 — 결과)
2. 상관접속사 (Correlative Conjunctions)
상관접속사는 항상 쌍으로 사용되며, A와 B를 대등하게 연결합니다. 수 일치에 주의하세요.
| 상관접속사 | 의미 | 예시 |
|---|
| both A and B | A와 B 둘 다 | Both Tom and Jane are here. |
| either A or B | A 또는 B (둘 중 하나) | Either you or I am wrong. |
| neither A nor B | A도 B도 아니다 | Neither Tom nor Jane is here. |
| not only A but also B | A뿐만 아니라 B도 | She is not only smart but also kind. |
| not A but B | A가 아니라 B | Not I but he is responsible. |
📝 예문 5개
- Both reading and writing are important skills. (읽기와 쓰기 둘 다 중요한 기술이다.)
- You can choose either the red or the blue one. (빨간 것 또는 파란 것을 선택할 수 있다.)
- Neither the manager nor the staff knew about the issue. (매니저도 직원도 그 문제를 몰랐다.)
- She is not only a great singer but also a talented dancer. (그녀는 훌륭한 가수일 뿐 아니라 재능 있는 댄서이기도 하다.)
- It was not luck but hard work that made him successful. (그를 성공하게 만든 것은 운이 아니라 노력이었다.)
✏️ 연습 문제
- _____ my sister _____ I enjoy hiking. (Both/and / Either/or / Neither/nor)
- He is _____ only good at math _____ also at science. (not/but / not/and / both/and)
- _____ the food _____ the service was good at that restaurant. (Either/or / Neither/nor / Both/and)
정답 보기
1. Both my sister and I enjoy hiking. (둘 다)
2. He is not only good at math but also at science.
3. Neither the food nor the service was good. (둘 다 좋지 않았다)
3. 종속접속사 — 시간 (Time)
종속접속사는 종속절(부사절)을 이끌어 주절에 연결합니다. 시간을 나타내는 종속접속사를 살펴봅시다.
| 접속사 | 의미 | 예시 |
|---|
| when | ~할 때 | When I was young, I loved comics. |
| while | ~하는 동안 | While I was sleeping, the phone rang. |
| before | ~하기 전에 | Brush your teeth before you go to bed. |
| after | ~한 후에 | Call me after you arrive. |
| as soon as | ~하자마자 | As soon as I saw him, I recognized him. |
| until / till | ~할 때까지 | Wait until the light turns green. |
📝 예문 5개
- When she heard the news, she started crying. (그녀는 소식을 들었을 때 울기 시작했다.)
- Don't use your phone while you are driving. (운전하는 동안 핸드폰을 사용하지 마라.)
- He checked his email before he left the office. (그는 사무실을 떠나기 전에 이메일을 확인했다.)
- As soon as the class ended, everyone rushed out. (수업이 끝나자마자 모두가 뛰쳐나갔다.)
- She waited until the rain stopped. (그녀는 비가 멈출 때까지 기다렸다.)
✏️ 연습 문제
- _____ you finish your homework, you can watch TV. (After / Until / While)
- I always drink water _____ I eat. (before / as soon as / while) — 먹기 전에
- _____ the alarm went off, he jumped out of bed. (While / As soon as / Until)
정답 보기
1. After you finish your homework (숙제를 마친 후)
2. before I eat (먹기 전에)
3. As soon as the alarm went off (알람이 울리자마자)
4. 종속접속사 — 이유 / 조건 / 양보
이유, 조건, 양보를 나타내는 종속접속사는 복잡한 생각을 한 문장으로 표현할 때 필수입니다.
| 종류 | 접속사 | 의미 | 예시 |
|---|
| 이유 | because | 왜냐하면 (직접 이유) | I stayed home because it rained. |
| since | ~이므로 (알려진 사실) | Since you're here, let's start. |
| as | ~이므로 (구어체) | As it was late, I went to bed. |
| 조건 | if | 만약 ~라면 | If it rains, I will stay home. |
| unless | ~하지 않으면 (=if~not) | Unless you study, you'll fail. |
| as long as | ~하는 한 | As long as you try, you'll improve. |
| 양보 | although | 비록 ~이지만 (격식) | Although it was cold, she swam. |
| though | 비록 ~이지만 (구어체) | Though tired, he kept working. |
| even though | ~임에도 불구하고 (사실) | Even though he lied, she forgave him. |
| even if | 설령 ~일지라도 (가정) | Even if it rains, we'll go. |
| 목적/결과 | so that | ~하도록, ~하기 위해서 | She studied so that she could pass. |
| in order that | ~하기 위하여 (격식) | He worked hard in order that he might succeed. |
📝 예문 5개
- I was happy because I passed the test. (시험에 합격했기 때문에 행복했다.)
- Unless you apologize, she won't talk to you. (사과하지 않으면 그녀는 너에게 말하지 않을 것이다.)
- Although he studied hard, he didn't pass. (열심히 공부했지만 합격하지 못했다.)
- Even if you fail, don't give up. (설령 실패하더라도 포기하지 마라.)
- She spoke slowly so that everyone could understand. (모두가 이해할 수 있도록 천천히 말했다.)
✏️ 연습 문제
- _____ it was freezing outside, the children played in the snow. (Although / Because / Unless)
- I will lend you money _____ you pay me back. (unless / as long as / even if)
- She whispered _____ she wouldn't wake the baby. (so that / although / because)
정답 보기
1. Although (영하의 날씨였지만 — 양보)
2. as long as you pay me back (~하는 한 — 조건)
3. so that she wouldn't wake the baby (아기를 깨우지 않도록 — 목적)
총괄 문제 (15문제)
지금까지 배운 모든 접속사를 활용하여 알맞은 것을 고르세요.
Q1. I wanted to sleep, _____ I had too much work. (and / but / so)
Q2. Study now, _____ you will regret it later. (or / and / but)
Q3. She was exhausted, _____ she finished the project. (so / yet / for)
Q4. _____ Tom _____ Jerry ate the pizza — there is none left. (Both/and / Either/or / Neither/nor)
Q5. He is _____ only a good teacher _____ also a mentor. (not/but / not/and / not/or)
Q6. _____ she arrived at the party, everyone cheered. (When / Until / While)
Q7. He practiced every day _____ he could perform perfectly. (so that / although / because)
Q8. _____ you don't hurry, we'll miss the train. (If / Although / Since)
Q9. He fell asleep _____ watching the movie. (while / before / after)
Q10. _____ the weather was bad, the game went on. (Even though / Because / So that)
Q11. _____ you work here, you must follow the rules. (As long as / Unless / Although)
Q12. Call me _____ you get home safely. (as soon as / although / unless)
Q13. _____ it was her first time, she did an amazing job. (Although / Because / So that)
Q14. I won't forgive him _____ he apologizes. (until / before / while)
Q15. _____ it rains or shines, we will have the event. (Whether / Although / Because)
전체 정답 보기
Q1
but
대조
Q2
or
선택
Q3
yet
강조대조
Q4
Both/and
둘다
Q5
not/but also
뿐만아니라
Q6
When
~할때
Q7
so that
목적
Q8
If
조건
Q9
while
동안
Q10
Even though
양보
Q11
As long as
~하는한
Q12
as soon as
~하자마자
Q13
Although
양보
Q14
until
~할때까지
Q15
Whether
~이든아니든